STD::C++中的PARTALL SORTJO复制

部分排序 用于对整个容器内的范围进行排序。因此,如果我们想保持原始容器的完整性,只需将容器中已排序的子部分复制到另一个容器中,那么出于这个目的,我们可以使用 std::部分排序拷贝 .

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就像std::partial_sort一样,partial_sort_copy()可以通过两种方式使用,如下所示:

  1. 使用 <:>

    语法:

    Template 
    RandomAccessIterator partial_sort_copy (InputIterator first, InputIterator last,
                                            RandomAccessIterator result_first,
                                            RandomAccessIterator result_last);
    
    first: Input iterator to the first element in the container.
    last: Input iterator to the last element in the container.
    result_first: Random-Access iterator pointing to the initial
    position in the destination container.
    result_last: Random-Access iterator pointing to the final
    position in the destination container.
    
    Return Value: It returns an iterator pointing to the element that 
    follows the last element written in the result sequence.
    

    // C++ program to demonstrate the use of
    // std::partial_sort_copy
    #include <iostream>
    #include <vector>
    #include <algorithm>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
    vector< int > v = { 1, 1, 3, 10, 3, 3, 7, 7, 8 }, v1(3);
    vector< int >::iterator ip;
    // Using std::partial_sort_copy
    std::partial_sort_copy(v.begin(), v.end(), v1.begin(), v1.end());
    // Displaying the vector after applying
    // std::partial_sort_copy
    for (ip = v1.begin(); ip != v1.end(); ++ip) {
    cout << *ip << " " ;
    }
    return 0;
    }

    
    

    输出:

    1 1 3
    

    在这里,因为,我们声明v1的大小为3,所以其中只存储了三个元素。

  2. 通过使用预定义函数进行比较:

    语法:

    Template
     RandomAccessIterator partial_sort_copy (InputIterator first, InputIterator last,
                                             RandomAccessIterator result_first,
                                             RandomAccessIterator result_last,
                                             Compare comp);
    
    Here, first, last, result_first and result_last are 
    the same as previous case.
    
    comp: Binary function that accepts two elements in the range 
    as arguments, and returns a value convertible to bool. The value 
    returned indicates whether the element passed as first 
    argument is considered to go before the second in the specific
    strict weak ordering it defines.
    The function shall not modify any of its arguments.
    This can either be a function pointer or a function object.
    
    Return Value: It returns an iterator pointing to the element that 
    follows the last element written in the result sequence.
    

    // C++ program to demonstrate the use of
    // std::partial_sort_copy
    #include <iostream>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <vector>
    using namespace std;
    // Defining the BinaryFunction
    bool comp( int a, int b)
    {
    return (a < b);
    }
    int main()
    {
    vector< int > v = { 1, 1, 3, 10, 3, 3, 7, 7, 8 }, v1(7);
    vector< int >::iterator ip;
    // Using std::partial_sort_copy
    std::partial_sort_copy(v.begin(), v.end(), v1.begin(),
    v1.end(), comp);
    // Displaying the vector after applying
    // std::partial_sort_copy
    for (ip = v1.begin(); ip != v1.end(); ++ip) {
    cout << *ip << " " ;
    }
    return 0;
    }

    
    

    输出:

    1 1 3 3 3 7 7
    

在哪里使用?

  • 要复制排序范围,请执行以下操作: 因此,每当我们希望原始容器在排序后保持不变,并且部分_排序的结果存储在另一个容器中时,我们就可以使用这个。

    // C++ program to demonstrate the use of
    // std::partial_sort_copy
    #include <iostream>
    #include <vector>
    #include <algorithm>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
    vector< int > v = { 100, 45, 78, 23, 220 }, v1(5);
    vector< int >::iterator ip;
    // Using std::partial_sort_copy
    std::partial_sort_copy(v.begin(), v.end(), v1.begin(),
    v1.end());
    // Displaying the vectors after applying
    // std::partial_sort_copy
    cout << "v = " ;
    for (ip = v.begin(); ip != v.end(); ++ip) {
    cout << *ip << " " ;
    }
    cout << "v1 = " ;
    for (ip = v1.begin(); ip != v1.end(); ++ip) {
    cout << *ip << " " ;
    }
    return 0;
    }

    
    

    输出:

    v = 100 45 78 23 220
    v1 = 23 45 78 100 220
    

    所以,这里v保持不变,它的排序形式存储在v1中。

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